Lokacin da ƙididdigewa ya kusanci iyakokin jiki na saurin agogo, muna juya zuwa manyan gine-gine masu mahimmanci. Lokacin da sadarwa ta kusanci iyakokin jiki na saurin watsawa, muna juya zuwa tsarin antenna da yawa. Menene fa'idodin da ya jagoranci masana kimiyya da injiniyoyi don zaɓar eriya da yawa a matsayin tushen 5G da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa mara waya? Duk da yake bambance-bambancen sararin samaniya shine dalili na farko don ƙara eriya a tashoshin tushe, an gano shi a tsakiyar 1990s cewa shigar da eriya da yawa a gefen Tx da/ko Rx ya buɗe wasu damar da ba za a iya tsammani ba tare da tsarin eriya ɗaya. Yanzu bari mu kwatanta manyan dabaru guda uku a cikin wannan mahallin.
**Kyautatawa**
Beamforming ita ce fasaha ta farko wacce ta dogara da Layer na zahiri na cibiyoyin salula na 5G. Akwai nau'ikan beamforming iri biyu daban-daban:
Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa ) (LoS) ko Ƙararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa na Ƙaƙwalwa
Gabaɗaya beamforming, kuma aka sani da Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) ko kama-da-wane biamforming
Manufar da ke bayan nau'ikan katako guda biyu shine a yi amfani da eriya da yawa don haɓaka ƙarfin siginar zuwa wani mai amfani, yayin da yake murkushe sigina daga tushen masu shiga tsakani. A matsayin kwatanci, matattarar dijital suna canza abun cikin sigina a cikin yankin mitar a cikin tsarin da ake kira tacewa na gani. Hakazalika, ƙirar haske tana canza abun ciki na sigina a cikin sararin sararin samaniya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kuma ake kiranta da tace sararin samaniya.
Ƙirƙirar haske ta jiki yana da dogon tarihi a cikin algorithms sarrafa sigina don tsarin sonar da radar. Yana samar da ainihin katako a sarari don watsawa ko liyafar kuma don haka yana da alaƙa da kusurwar isowa (AoA) ko kusurwar tashi (AoD) na siginar. Mai kama da yadda OFDM ke ƙirƙirar rafukan layi ɗaya a cikin yankin mitar, ƙirar al'ada ko ta zahiri suna ƙirƙirar katako mai kama da juna a cikin yankin kusurwa.
A gefe guda, a cikin mafi sauƙi cikin jiki, gama gari ko ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira yana nufin watsa (ko karɓa) sigina iri ɗaya daga kowane eriyar Tx (ko Rx) tare da matakan da suka dace da samun ma'aunin nauyi kamar yadda aka ƙara ƙarfin siginar zuwa wani mai amfani. Ba kamar tuƙi ta jiki ta wani hanya ba, watsawa ko liyafar yana faruwa ta kowane fanni, amma maɓalli yana haɓaka kwafin siginar da yawa a gefen karɓa don rage tasirin faɗuwar hanyoyi.
** Multiplexing na sarari ***
A cikin yanayin multixing na sararin samaniya, an raba rafin bayanan shigarwa zuwa koguna masu kama da juna a cikin sararin sararin samaniya, tare da kowane rafi sannan ana watsa shi akan sarƙoƙin Tx daban-daban. Muddin hanyoyin tashoshi sun zo daga isassun kusurwoyi daban-daban a eriyar Rx, ba tare da kusan wata alaƙa ba, dabarun sarrafa siginar dijital (DSP) na iya sauya matsakaicin mara waya zuwa tashoshi masu zaman kansu. Wannan yanayin MIMO ya kasance babban abin da ke haifar da karuwar girma a cikin adadin bayanai na tsarin mara waya ta zamani, tunda ana watsa bayanai masu zaman kansu lokaci guda daga eriya da yawa akan bandwidth iri ɗaya. Gano Algorithms kamar tilasta sifili (ZF) yana raba alamomin daidaitawa daga tsangwama na sauran eriya.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi, a cikin WiFi MU-MIMO, ana watsa rafukan bayanai da yawa a lokaci guda zuwa ga masu amfani da yawa daga eriyar watsawa da yawa.
**Tsarin Lokaci-Tsaro**
A cikin wannan yanayin, ana amfani da tsarin ƙididdigewa na musamman a cikin lokaci da eriya idan aka kwatanta da tsarin eriya ɗaya, don haɓaka bambancin sigina ba tare da asarar adadin bayanai a mai karɓa ba. Lambobin lokacin sararin samaniya suna haɓaka bambance-bambancen sarari ba tare da buƙatar kimanta tashoshi a mai watsawa tare da eriya da yawa ba.
Concept Microwave ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren 5G RF ne na tsarin Antenna a cikin Sin, gami da matattara mai ƙarancin RF, matattara mai ƙarfi, matattarar bandpass, matattar matattara / matattara mai tsaida, duplexer, Mai rarraba wutar lantarki da ma'amala mai jagora. Dukkansu ana iya keɓance su bisa ga buƙatun ku.
Barka da zuwa gidan yanar gizon mu:www.concept-mw.comko kuma a aiko mana da imel a:sales@concept-mw.com
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-29-2024